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Related Experiment Videos

Subtyping obsessive-compulsive disorder: neuropsychological correlates.

Catherine L Harris1, Wayne M Dinn

  • 1Department of Psychology, Brain, Behavior & Cognition Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.

Behavioural Neurology
|February 6, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients show prefrontal cortex dysfunction. Comorbid schizotypal features in OCD patients indicate broader dorsolateral prefrontal neocortex deficits.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with prefrontal cortex dysfunction.
  • Neuropsychological deficits in OCD patients are well-documented, but specific prefrontal subsystems involved remain debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate prefrontal cortex (orbitofrontal and dorsolateral) dysfunction in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • To examine the impact of comorbid schizotypal personality features on neurocognitive performance in OCD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Administered neuropsychological tests sensitive to orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal neocortex function.
  • Compared performance of OCD patients (with and without schizotypal features) to community controls.

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Main Results:

  • OCD patients exhibited performance deficits on measures of orbitofrontal neocortex dysfunction.
  • Contrary to expectations, OCD patients also showed deficits in dorsolateral prefrontal neocortex function.
  • OCD patients with schizotypal features displayed impairments in both orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal neocortex function, unlike primary OCD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest distinct neurocognitive profiles within OCD, potentially indicating clinical subtypes.
  • Specific prefrontal subsystems may be differentially implicated in these OCD subtypes.