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Bispecific antibodies.

M W Fanger1, P M Morganelli, P M Guyre

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH 03756.

Critical Reviews in Immunology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Bispecific antibodies (BsAb) are engineered molecules with dual specificity, showing promise in immunotherapy and cell biology. Research explores their potential to target various diseases, including cancer and autoimmune disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Bispecific antibodies (BsAb) are engineered proteins with two distinct antigen-binding sites.
  • Current production methods (chemical conjugation, hybrid-hybridoma fusion) face challenges in yield and purity.
  • Advancements in molecular genetics are expected to improve BsAb production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development and applications of bispecific antibodies.
  • To highlight the therapeutic potential of BsAb in various diseases.
  • To discuss the mechanisms by which BsAb engage immune cells.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on bispecific antibody technology.
  • Analysis of experimental applications in immunotherapy and cell biology.
  • Summary of findings from early-stage clinical trials.

Main Results:

  • BsAb can direct leukocytes to eliminate target cells (e.g., tumor cells, infected cells).
  • Trigger molecules like CD3 and Fc receptors are key mediators of BsAb activity.
  • Experimental uses include targeted toxin delivery, fibrinolysis, receptor studies, and vaccine adjuvants.

Conclusions:

  • Bispecific antibodies demonstrate significant therapeutic promise for cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmune disorders.
  • Further development of production methods and clinical trials are warranted.
  • BsAb represent a versatile platform for immunotherapy and biomedical research.

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