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A compact centrifugal pump for cardiopulmonary bypass
1Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Houston, Texas 77030.
Artificial Organs
|December 1, 1992
Summary
A new compact centrifugal pump for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) shows reduced hemolysis and excellent antithrombogenicity in animal trials. This direct-drive system offers easier manipulation and durability for improved CPB procedures.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Medical Device Development
Background:
- Current cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) systems predominantly use bulky roller pumps.
- There is a need for more compact, efficient, and atraumatic pump technologies in CPB.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a direct-drive small centrifugal pump for next-generation CPB systems.
- To assess the pump's hemocompatibility, antithrombogenicity, and durability in preclinical settings.
Main Methods:
- Development of a 50 mm diameter direct-drive centrifugal pump with a flexible drive shaft.
- In vitro hemolysis testing to quantify blood trauma.
- Biventricular bypass experiments in calves to evaluate antithrombogenicity and durability over 48 hours.
Main Results:
- The pump achieved a flow rate of 6 L/min at 3,000 rpm against 300 mm Hg.
- In vitro studies demonstrated low hemolysis (index of hemolysis = 0.0011), comparable to existing devices.
- Calf experiments showed excellent antithrombogenicity and durability for 48 hours of bypass.
Conclusions:
- The developed compact centrifugal pump system is suitable for CPB applications.
- The pump design offers improved hemocompatibility, reduced thrombus formation, and ease of manipulation.
- This technology represents a promising advancement for second-generation CPB systems.
