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Related Experiment Videos

Pulmonary circulation in hypoxia.

R Naeije1

  • 1Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Physiology, Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Belgium.

International Journal of Sports Medicine
|October 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Hypoxia causes moderate pulmonary hypertension in most people. High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) can lead to severe pulmonary hypertension, but right heart failure is rare without this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Altitude Medicine

Background:

  • Hypoxia constricts pulmonary vessels, increasing resistance.
  • Pulmonary hypertension is observed in various populations exposed to hypoxia.
  • Right heart failure is uncommon in hypoxia without high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pulmonary hemodynamic changes associated with hypoxia.
  • To characterize pulmonary hypertension in high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE).
  • To assess the utility of non-invasive methods in predicting HAPE susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.
  • Analysis of reported pulmonary artery pressures in HAPE patients from right heart catheterization and echo-Doppler studies.

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  • Comparison of pulmonary vascular reactivity in HAPE-susceptible individuals versus controls.

    • Main Results:

    • Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension is generally moderate, except during exercise in high-altitude natives.
    • Mean pulmonary artery pressures in HAPE patients range from 22-63 mmHg (average 39 mmHg via catheterization) or 53 mmHg (echo-Doppler).
    • Enhanced pulmonary vascular reactivity to hypoxia is common in HAPE survivors, but overlap with controls limits predictive value.

    Conclusions:

    • Right heart failure is rare in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension unless HAPE is present.
    • Pulmonary artery pressures in HAPE are moderately elevated compared to healthy hypoxic subjects.
    • Current non-invasive echo-Doppler methods at sea level do not reliably identify individuals prone to HAPE.