Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 29, 2026

Transurethral Induction of Mouse Urinary Tract Infection
Published on: August 5, 2010
[Ectopic ureter as cause of urinary incontinence in girls]
C Grande Moreillo1, J Rodó Salas, L Morales Fochs
1Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, Unitat Integrada, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu/Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona.
Abstract:
Continuous urine dripping together with normal micturition is the classical picture of ectopic ureter in girls. During the years 1982 to 1996, eleven girls with such abnormality have been treated at our department. The diagnostic work-up included: intravenous pyelogram (IP), ultrasonography (US), renal scintiscan, cystogram, cystoscopy and/or vaginoscopy, as well as a thorough exam of the external genitalia under general anesthesia. Ten girls had a double renal system, one of them being bilateral; one girl had simple kidneys with renal ectopia. Treatment was heminephrectomy with ureterectomy in 9 cases, ureteroureterostomy with preservation of the hemikidney in one case, and nephrectomy with ureterectomy in the case with a simple system. Urinary incontinence in girls due to ectopic ureter is an uncommon disease. Eigthty-five% of the cases are associated to renal duplication. IP is highly sensible to defect renal duplication; direct vision of the ectopic ureter meatus, canalization and roentgenologic confirmation of the suspected diagnosis are required prior to surgery. Heminephrectomy has been the most common treatment; however, early diagnosis by means of US will promote more conservative surgical approaches.
Related Concept Videos
Ureters
The Micturition Reflex
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...
Disorders of the Urinary System
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra
Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction
Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract

