Body surface potential mapping improves detection of ST segment alteration during percutaneous coronary intervention

The 12-lead electrocardiogram underestimates ST segment alteration in acute coronary syndromes compared with multi-lead body surface mapping. We assessed whether 80-lead mapping would improve detection of ST alteration during percutaneous coronary intervention.

Simultaneous maps and 12-lead electrocardiograms were recorded pre-procedure, during balloon inflation and post-procedure from patients undergoing elective intervention to native coronary arteries. Recordings were obtained from 39 inflations (19 patients). All arteries were successfully stented.

Mean 'lead specific' ST alteration (the difference in ST elevation/depression between pre-procedure and inflation recordings in the lead showing maximal ST alteration) was greater on the map than on electrocardiogram, both for ST elevation (0.16+/-0.02 vs. 0.06+/-0.01 mV; p<0.001) and ST depression (0.11+/-0.017 vs. -0.03+/-0.006 mV; p<0.001). During first inflations (n=19), mean lead specific ST elevation and depression on map were greater than on electrocardiogram (0.20+/-0.034 vs. 0.07+/-0.015 mV; p<0.001 and 0.11+/-0.029 vs. 0.03+/-0.009 mV; p=0.001, respectively). Mapping detected greater summated ST elevation and depression during inflation than electrocardiogram (0.04+/-0.005 vs. 0.021+/-0.003 mV; p<0.001 and 0.026+/-0.004 vs. 0.011+/-0.002 mV; p<0.001, respectively). Qualitative analysis of maps and electrocardiograms showed that 21/39 (53.8%) maps recorded during inflation met criteria for myocardial ischaemia compared with 7/39 (17.9%) electrocardiograms (p<0.001).

Body surface mapping compared with the 12-lead electrocardiogram improves detection of myocardial ischaemia during intervention.