Using a database to analyze core basic science content in a problem-based curriculum

As medical schools critically reevaluate their methods of instruction and as the number of innovative programs increases, the content delivered across disciplines must be carefully reviewed. However, few methods of content analysis have been applied to problem-based programs. In 1989-90 and 1990-91, the authors analyzed the distribution of basic science content in the 53 cases in the problem-based curriculum of Rush Medical College of Rush University. They developed a content vocabulary and created a database using a widely available computer software program. The content areas specific to each case were identified by faculty using the content vocabulary. To determine whether these content areas were actually identified by the students participating in the problem-solving sessions, the authors surveyed the 36 student participants in the classes of 1993 and 1994 and also interviewed the 15 faculty facilitators of the sessions. The surveys and interviews demonstrated that over 90% of the content areas identified by the faculty were actually covered by the students. The authors conclude that the database assists in their review of the curriculum for omission and redundancy. Other uses and limitations of this method are also discussed.