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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in macrophage function and morphology due to biomedical polyurethane surfaces undergoing biodegradation.

Loren A Matheson1, J Paul Santerre, Rosalind S Labow

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Cellular Physiology
|February 24, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Biomaterial surface chemistry influences the foreign body response. More degradable materials, like HDI, trigger increased multinucleated cell formation and esterase secretion from monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs).

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Immunology
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Implanted biomedical devices trigger foreign body responses, involving monocyte recruitment, differentiation into macrophages, and fusion into foreign body giant cells (FBGCs).
  • This cellular response can lead to implant degradation, chronic inflammation, or fibrous encapsulation, compromising device function.
  • Material surface chemistry is a critical factor influencing these inflammatory and degradative processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the surface chemistry of polycarbonate-based polyurethanes and the foreign body giant cell (FBGC) response.
  • To assess the impact of different material compositions on macrophage function and material degradation.
  • To elucidate how material surface properties modulate the inflammatory response at the implant site.

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Main Methods:

  • Mature monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were seeded onto two distinct polycarbonate-based polyurethanes (HDI and MDI) and a polystyrene control.
  • FBGC formation, multinucleation, protein synthesis (including monocyte-specific esterase (MSE) and cholesterol esterase (CE)), and material degradation were assessed.
  • Techniques included two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and radiolabel release measurements ((14)C).

Main Results:

  • Materials synthesized with hexane diisocyanate (HDI) induced significantly more multinucleated FBGCs compared to MDI or polystyrene controls.
  • Cells cultured on HDI showed a fivefold increase in the synthesis and secretion of a specific 48 kDa protein (MSE and CE) compared to MDI and polystyrene.
  • The more degradable HDI material elicited greater protein secretion, esterase activity, and FBGC formation, indicating a direct link between degradability and cellular response.

Conclusions:

  • Material surface chemistry, specifically degradability, significantly modulates the function of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) during the foreign body response.
  • The HDI material, being more degradable, promoted a heightened inflammatory response characterized by increased FBGC formation and esterase secretion.
  • Understanding these surface chemistry-cell interactions is crucial for designing next-generation biomedical devices with improved biocompatibility and reduced adverse inflammatory outcomes.