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Polysaccharides from extremophilic microorganisms.

B Nicolaus1, V Schiano Moriello, L Lama

  • 1Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare CNR, via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Na, Italy. bnicolaus@icmib.na.cnr.it

Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere : the Journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life
|February 26, 2004
PubMed
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Marine thermophilic bacteria produce novel exopolysaccharides with unique structures. These biopolymers, including a galacto-mannane and mannane types, show potential for various applications.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Marine Biology

Background:

  • Marine microorganisms, particularly thermophilic strains, are a source of novel biopolymers.
  • Exopolysaccharides (EPS) from these organisms can exhibit unique chemical structures and properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To screen marine thermophilic strains for exopolysaccharide production.
  • To characterize the chemical composition and structure of newly identified polysaccharides.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of marine thermophilic microorganisms for EPS production.
  • Chemical analysis and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for structural elucidation.
  • Cultivation of Bacillus thermantarcticus with different carbon sources.

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Main Results:

  • Identified four new polysaccharides from thermophilic marine bacteria.
  • Bacillus thermantarcticus produced two EPS (EPS 1, EPS 2) with high yield (400 mg/L) using mannose.
  • EPS 1 is a heteropolysaccharide (galacto-mannane type) similar to xanthan polymers, while EPS 2 is a mannan.

Conclusions:

  • Marine thermophilic bacteria are prolific producers of structurally diverse exopolysaccharides.
  • The identified polysaccharides possess complex structures with potential biotechnological relevance.
  • Further studies on biopolymers from marine microorganisms like Haloarcula species are warranted.