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Eating disorder prevention programs: a meta-analytic review.

Eric Stice1, Heather Shaw

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. stice@psy.utexas.edu

Psychological Bulletin
|February 26, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This meta-analysis reveals that eating disorder prevention programs show varied effects, with some reducing current and future eating pathology for up to two years. Optimal programs are interactive, multisession, and targeted towards specific groups.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Eating disorders represent a significant public health concern with substantial individual and societal costs.
  • Effective prevention strategies are crucial to mitigate the incidence and impact of eating pathology.
  • Existing research on prevention program efficacy shows considerable variability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of eating disorder prevention programs through meta-analysis.
  • To identify specific program characteristics, delivery formats, and participant demographics associated with greater intervention impact.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for optimizing future prevention efforts.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted on studies evaluating eating disorder prevention programs.

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  • Intervention effects were analyzed, considering factors such as program type, participant selection, delivery mode, and duration.
  • Study quality and methodological rigor were assessed as potential moderators of effect size.

    • Main Results:

    • Intervention effects ranged from negligible to significant reductions in current and future eating pathology.
    • Positive effects were observed to persist for up to two years post-intervention and were superior to minimal controls.
    • Larger effects were associated with programs that were selected (vs. universal), interactive (vs. didactic), multisession (vs. single session), targeted older females, and lacked psychoeducational content.

    Conclusions:

    • Certain eating disorder prevention programs demonstrate efficacy in reducing pathology, with effects lasting up to two years.
    • Program design features, including interactivity, session frequency, and participant targeting, significantly influence outcomes.
    • Future research should prioritize methodological rigor, advanced statistical modeling, and stronger theoretical underpinnings for intervention development.