Photonic band gap architectures for holographic lithography

Using symmetry considerations, we identify three families of large photonic band-gap (PBG) architectures defined by the isointensity surfaces of four beam laser interference. For particular choices of beam intensities, directions, and polarizations, we obtain a diamondlike crystal, a novel body-centered cubic architecture, and a simple cubic structure with PBG to center frequency ratios of 25%, 21%, and 11%, respectively, when the isointensity surface defines a silicon (dielectric constant of 11.9) to air boundary.