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Related Experiment Videos

Philip Morris's failed experiment in Pittsburgh.

B E Samuels1, M E Begay, A R Hazan

  • 1University of California, San Francisco.

Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Controversy in tobacco control is complex. Despite initial attempts to avoid it, the tobacco industry generated controversy, ultimately leading to nonsmokers' rights activists prevailing over established health organizations.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology of Health
  • Health Policy

Background:

  • The 1987 Pittsburgh Smoking Control Ordinance campaign highlights the strategic use of controversy in tobacco control.
  • Initial efforts by proponents aimed for a noncontroversial ordinance, while the tobacco industry actively generated controversy to oppose it.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the role and impact of controversy in the passage and implementation of a local tobacco control ordinance.
  • To examine how different stakeholders, including the tobacco industry and public health advocates, utilized controversy.

Main Methods:

  • Case study analysis of the Pittsburgh Smoking Control Ordinance campaign.
  • Examination of stakeholder strategies, including the tobacco industry's attempts to reframe the debate and proponents' counter-controversy tactics.

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Main Results:

  • The tobacco industry's attempts to generate controversy were initially aimed at defeating the ordinance.
  • Philip Morris's later attempt to co-opt the ordinance's implementation by reframing it as social accommodation was countered by proponents using controversy.
  • Established health organizations played a marginal role due to discomfort with the controversy, allowing nonsmokers' rights activists to ultimately prevail.

Conclusions:

  • Controversy can be a double-edged sword in tobacco control, strategically employed by various actors.
  • Nonsmokers' rights activists, despite limited resources, can be effective in navigating and utilizing controversy to achieve public health goals.
  • The dynamics of controversy can significantly influence the involvement of established institutions and the ultimate success of public health initiatives.