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Marginal Zone B-cell Lymphoma (MALT Lymphoma)
Patrick D. Hung1, Mitchell L. Schubert, Anastasios A. Mihas
1Division of Gastroenterology; 111N, McGuire VAMC, 1201 Broad Rock Boulevard, Richmond, VA 23249, USA. mitchell.schubert@med.va.gov
Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology
|March 11, 2004
Summary
Marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBL) of the stomach, formerly MALT lymphoma, is a slow-growing cancer linked to H. pylori. Eradicating H. pylori can lead to remission in early stages.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the stomach is now preferred to be called marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBL).
- MZBL is characterized by the lymphoepithelial lesion and is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.
- This lymphoma is typically slow-growing, often localized, and generally has a favorable prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To clarify the preferred terminology for gastric MALT lymphoma.
- To describe the etiology, characteristics, staging, and treatment of MZBL.
- To highlight the role of H. pylori eradication in managing early-stage disease.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature and diagnostic criteria for gastric MZBL.
- Description of staging procedures including endoscopy with biopsy, CT scans, and endoscopic ultrasound.
- Summary of treatment modalities for limited and extensive disease.
Main Results:
- Preferred terminology is marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBL).
- Helicobacter pylori eradication is an effective treatment for limited disease, leading to remission.
- Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation are successful for patients failing eradication or with extensive disease.
Conclusions:
- Gastric MZBL is a distinct entity with a good prognosis, often linked to H. pylori.
- H. pylori eradication is a primary treatment for early-stage MZBL.
- Multimodal therapy is effective for advanced or refractory cases of MZBL.