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Related Experiment Videos

Focal volume confinement by submicrometer-sized fluidic channels.

Mathieu Foquet1, Jonas Korlach, Warren R Zipfel

  • 1School of Applied & Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.

Analytical Chemistry
|March 17, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Fabricated microfluidic channels enable highly sensitive single-molecule detection and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. These devices offer faster, more accurate analysis for applications like drug screening and genomic analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Conventional confocal microscopy limits sensitivity in single-molecule detection.
  • Achieving high signal-to-noise ratios and rapid analysis remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize microfluidic channels for enhanced single-molecule detection.
  • To improve the speed and accuracy of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of fused silica microfluidic channels with sub-micrometer lateral dimensions.
  • Utilizing electrokinetic forces for analyte manipulation.
  • Applying diffusion models with boundary conditions.

Main Results:

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  • Achieved observation volumes ~100 times smaller than conventional methods.
  • Enabled single-fluorophore detection at higher concentrations with improved signal-to-noise ratios.
  • Reached flow velocities up to 0.1 m/s, reducing molecular residence times to 10 microseconds.

    • Conclusions:

    • Nanofabricated microfluidic channels significantly enhance single-molecule detection sensitivity and speed.
    • These devices are suitable for high-throughput applications in drug screening and genomic analysis.
    • Reduced diffusion dimensionality and controlled flow improve data accuracy and acquisition rates.