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Histopathological study of endometrium in infertility
M P Zawar1, N M Deshpande, P A Gadgil
1Department of Pathology, Dr. V.M. Medical College, Solapur, Maharashtra. spr_dean@sancharnet.in
Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|March 18, 2004
Summary
This study investigated endometrial changes in 200 infertile patients, finding menstrual problems in 38.2% and anovulatory infertility in 28.2%. Luteal phase defects, including glycogen deficiency, were also significant findings in infertility cases.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Medicine
- Gynecologic Pathology
Background:
- Infertility affects a significant portion of the reproductive-age population.
- Endometrial factors play a crucial role in successful implantation and pregnancy.
- Understanding endometrial changes is vital for diagnosing and managing infertility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of various endometrial changes in infertile women.
- To correlate endometrial findings with menstrual history.
- To investigate potential causes of infertility such as luteal phase defects and anovulatory cycles.
Main Methods:
- A study of 200 primary and secondary infertility cases.
- Premenstrual endometrial biopsy for histopathological evaluation.
- Hematoxylin and eosin staining for endometrial dating and diagnosis.
- PAS staining to assess endometrial glycogen levels in a subset of cases.
Main Results:
- Menstrual problems were reported in 38.2% of patients.
- Anovulatory infertility was diagnosed in 28.2% of cases.
- Luteal phase defect was observed in 20% of cases, with 30% of these showing glycogen deficiency.
- Cystoglandular hyperplasia (1.7%) and tuberculous endometritis (2.6%) were also identified.
Conclusions:
- Endometrial evaluation is essential for diagnosing infertility.
- Anovulatory cycles and luteal phase defects, including glycogen deficiency, are common contributors to infertility.
- Specific endometrial pathologies like hyperplasia and endometritis require targeted management.