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Related Experiment Videos

Abnormal gyral complexity in first-episode schizophrenia.

Katherine L Narr1, Robert M Bilder, Sharon Kim

  • 1Laboratory of Neuro-Imaging, Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1769, USA.

Biological Psychiatry
|March 31, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia is linked to increased cortical folding in the right frontal cortex of males, suggesting neurodevelopmental origins. These brain folding abnormalities may predate the onset of schizophrenia symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Psychiatric disorders

Background:

  • Cortical folding abnormalities may indicate neurodevelopmental disturbances in schizophrenia.
  • Gyral complexity in schizophrenia remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in gyral complexity between patients with first-episode schizophrenia and healthy controls.
  • To examine the influence of gender and hemisphere on these differences.

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used.
  • Three-dimensional gyral complexity was measured across five hemispheric regions.
  • Fifty patients with first-episode schizophrenia were compared to fifty healthy controls.

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Main Results:

  • Male patients with schizophrenia showed significantly increased cortical folding in the right superior frontal cortex compared to male controls.
  • No significant differences in cortical folding were found between female diagnostic groups.
  • Hemispheric effects were significant in frontal, parietal, and occipital regions.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support previous research on right frontal hypergyria in male schizophrenic patients.
  • These abnormalities suggest a neurodevelopmental origin, potentially occurring in utero.
  • Sexually dimorphic developmental processes and hemispheric connectivity may be disturbed in schizophrenia.