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Pre-formulation studies on moisture absorption in microcrystalline cellulose using differential thermo-gravimetric
Paul Wan Sia Heng1, Celine Valeria Liew, Josephine Lay Peng Soh
1Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore. phapaulh@nus.edu.sg
Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
|April 2, 2004
Summary
Particle size significantly impacts microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) properties. Larger MCC particles contain less bound water, while smaller particles exhibit poorer flowability due to structured water interactions.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Physical Chemistry
- Pharmaceutical Technology
Background:
- Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is a widely used excipient in pharmaceutical formulations.
- Understanding the physicochemical properties of MCC, such as water interactions and particle characteristics, is crucial for formulation development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between particle size, bound water content, and flow properties of microcrystalline cellulose.
- To characterize the different states of water associated with MCC particles using thermal analysis.
Main Methods:
- Differential thermo-gravimetric (DTG) analysis of six commercial MCC grades and their water blends.
- Particle size analysis, density measurements, crystallinity determination, and micromeritic property assessment.
- Avalanche flow assessment to evaluate powder flowability.
Main Results:
- Water loss from MCC/water blends occurred in three distinct phases, indicating different water states.
- Larger particle size MCC grades (Avicel PH 102, PH 302, Pharmacel 102) had lower amounts of 'structured' water.
- Smaller particle size MCC grades exhibited poorer flow properties, correlated with higher structured water content and potential bilayer formation.
Conclusions:
- Particle size is a critical factor influencing the bound water content and flow behavior of MCC.
- The amount of 'structured' water in MCC is related to particle size and surface characteristics.
- Findings provide insights into MCC powder properties relevant for pharmaceutical processing and formulation design.