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Everolimus.

Therese M Chapman1, Caroline M Perry

  • 1Adis International Limited, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, New Zealand.

Drugs
|April 3, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Everolimus, an immunosuppressant, reduced efficacy failure and graft vasculopathy in cardiac transplant patients compared to azathioprine. It also lowered cytomegalovirus infection rates in both cardiac and renal transplants.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology
  • Transplantation Medicine

Background:

  • Everolimus is an immunosuppressant drug that inhibits growth factor-mediated cell proliferation.
  • Standard immunosuppression regimens often involve a combination of medications to prevent organ rejection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral everolimus compared to azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in adult transplant recipients.
  • To assess the impact of everolimus on key transplant outcomes including efficacy failure, graft vasculopathy, acute rejection, and patient survival.

Main Methods:

  • Adult cardiac transplant recipients received either oral everolimus (0.75 or 1.5 mg twice daily) or azathioprine (1-3 mg/kg/day).
  • Adult renal transplant recipients received either oral everolimus (1.5 or 3 mg/day) or MMF (2 g/day).

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  • All patients received baseline immunosuppression with cyclosporine and corticosteroids.

    • Main Results:

    • Everolimus significantly reduced efficacy failure at 6 months and graft vasculopathy at 2 years in cardiac transplant recipients compared to azathioprine.
    • Graft and patient survival rates at 1 year were similar between everolimus and azathioprine groups in cardiac transplant recipients.
    • In renal transplant recipients, everolimus showed similar rates of acute rejection, graft loss, and death compared to MMF.
    • Everolimus was associated with a lower incidence of cytomegalovirus infection in both cardiac and renal transplant recipients compared to azathioprine and MMF.
    • Adverse events associated with everolimus included thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, elevated serum lipids, and creatinine.

    Conclusions:

    • Oral everolimus demonstrates significant benefits in reducing specific complications like efficacy failure and graft vasculopathy in cardiac transplantation.
    • Everolimus offers a comparable safety profile to MMF in renal transplantation regarding acute rejection and graft survival.
    • Everolimus presents a favorable option for reducing cytomegalovirus infection risk in transplant patients.
    • Monitoring for side effects such as cytopenias, hyperlipidemia, and renal function is crucial when using everolimus.