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Related Experiment Videos

Cognitive impairment in substance abuse.

Peter W Vik1, Tony Cellucci, Amy Jarchow

  • 1Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, Box 8112, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA. vikpete@isu.edu

The Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|April 6, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Chronic psychoactive substance use can temporarily impair cognitive functions, with some subtle effects lasting up to a year. These lingering cognitive deficits may impact treatment but often go unnoticed.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Conventional wisdom suggests chronic psychoactive substance use impairs cognitive functioning.
  • Theoretical mechanisms support the link between substance abuse and cognitive deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the research literature on the cognitive effects of specific drugs of abuse.
  • To examine the persistence and impact of cognitive alterations associated with substance use.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on psychoactive substance use and cognitive functioning.
  • Analysis of research on acute intoxication, withdrawal, and residual cognitive effects.

Main Results:

  • Acute intoxication and withdrawal cause transient cognitive alterations lasting weeks to months.

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  • Subtle residual cognitive effects can persist for up to 1 year for certain drugs.
  • Evidence for irreversible cognitive effects is less clear.

    • Conclusions:

    • Lingering cognitive deficits from substance abuse can impact treatment outcomes.
    • These subtle cognitive effects often go undetected or unaddressed in clinical practice.