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Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and milk.

I R Grant1

  • 1Department of Food Science (Microbiology), Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland, UK.

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
|April 13, 2004
PubMed
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Johne's disease bacteria (Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis) can be found in UK raw milk. This pathogen may survive pasteurisation, posing a risk in both raw and pasteurised milk for human transmission.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Food Safety Science
  • Public Health Research

Background:

  • Johne's disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. paratuberculosis), is a significant concern in cattle.
  • Concerns exist regarding the potential transmission of M. paratuberculosis to humans through milk consumption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of M. paratuberculosis in UK milk supplies.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of pasteurisation in eliminating M. paratuberculosis from milk.
  • To provide guidance on M. paratuberculosis detection methods in milk.

Main Methods:

  • Optimised milk decontamination (0.75% cetyl pyridinium chloride for 5 hours) followed by culture.
  • Novel immunomagnetic PCR technique for M. paratuberculosis detection.

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  • Laboratory and commercial-scale pasteurisation studies to assess bacterial survival.

    • Main Results:

    • Detectable levels of M. paratuberculosis were found in UK bulked raw cow's milk at farm and processing levels.
    • M. paratuberculosis demonstrated the ability to survive commercial milk pasteurisation under certain conditions.
    • Both raw and pasteurised milk were identified as potential transmission vehicles.

    Conclusions:

    • M. paratuberculosis is present in UK milk, posing a potential public health risk.
    • Current pasteurisation methods may not consistently eliminate M. paratuberculosis from milk.
    • Further research and improved detection methods are crucial for managing this risk.