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Lipodystrophy following hepatitis infection: a causative relationship?

N Khanna1, C Sirka, S Gupta

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India. msichem@mantraonline.com

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
|April 21, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Progressive partial lipodystrophy is a rare syndrome causing fat loss. This case highlights a potential link between hepatitis B infection and this condition in a young woman.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Hepatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Progressive partial lipodystrophy (PPL) is a rare syndrome defined by the progressive loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue.
  • PPL presents with a characteristic pattern of fat redistribution, often affecting the face, neck, and trunk.
  • The etiology of PPL is diverse, including genetic and acquired forms.

Observation:

  • A 27-year-old female presented with symptoms of PPL, including facial and upper torso fat loss and increased fat deposition below the pelvis.
  • The onset of symptoms followed an episode of hepatitis.
  • The patient had persistent hepatitis B surface antigen positivity and IgG antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen.

Findings:

  • The patient exhibited hypocomplementemia, specifically a deficiency in the C3 component of complement.

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  • Despite hypocomplementemia, there was no clinical or laboratory evidence of renal disease.
  • Hepatitis B virus infection was identified as a potential trigger or associated factor in the development of PPL.

    • Implications:

    • This case suggests a potential association between hepatitis B virus infection and the development of acquired PPL.
    • The findings underscore the importance of considering viral infections in the differential diagnosis of PPL.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the immunological mechanisms linking hepatitis B and PPL, particularly concerning complement pathways.