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Manipulations that disrupt generative processes decrease conformity to examples: evidence from two paradigms.

Joshua D Landau1, P Andrew Leynes

  • 1Department of Behavioral Sciences, York College, Pennsylvania 17405-7199, USA.

Memory (Hove, England)
|April 22, 2004
PubMed
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People often copy examples when creating new things, even when told not to. Requiring specific elements, like shapes or letters, can reduce this conformity, especially if they are unconventional.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Creativity Studies
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Previous research indicates a tendency for individuals to imitate provided examples when generating novel content.
  • Understanding the cognitive mechanisms underlying conformity in creative tasks is crucial for innovation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate factors influencing conformity in the creation of novel stimuli, specifically space creatures and nonwords.
  • To determine if imposing constraints, such as designated elements, affects the degree of imitation.
  • To explore the impact of conventional versus unconventional elements on conformity levels.

Main Methods:

  • Participants engaged in six experiments, viewing examples of space creatures or nonwords before creating their own.
  • Instructions were given to avoid using aspects of the provided examples.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Constraints were introduced in some experiments, requiring the inclusion of specific shapes or letters.

    • Main Results:

    • Participants demonstrated significant imitation of example features, despite explicit instructions against it.
    • The requirement to include designated shapes or letters attenuated the imitation effect.
    • The nature of the designated elements (conventional vs. unconventional) influenced the extent of conformity.

    Conclusions:

    • Creative strategy significantly impacts conformity levels during novel product generation.
    • Employing unconventional or novel strategies is important for reducing imitation and fostering true novelty.
    • The findings offer insights into cognitive biases and strategies in creative processes.