[Penile intraepithelial neoplasia]

The increasing incidence of anogenital carcinoma in situ in young adults over the last twenty years is correlated with certain sexually transmissible diseases. This increased incidence of genital lesions requires a review of the clinicopathological classification of penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) to help the clinician differentiate the aetiology in order to propose the least mutilating treatment. Bowen-like or human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced PIN in young men present different clinical features and a different natural history from those of high-grade PIN of elderly men. This distinction between the clinical features and the period of development of the lesions according to their histology, differentiated, undifferentiated or borderline, allows evaluation of the risk of progression of the intraepithelial neoplasia. Lesions corresponding to oncogenic HPV infection, often involving all of the anogenital region, require clinical surveillance to avoid possible carcinomatous transformation. Most importantly, the detection and treatment of these lesions participate in the prevention of cervical cancer.