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Dengue encephalopathy.

S K Hendarto1, S R Hadinegoro

  • 1Department of Child Health, Medical Faculty, University of Indonesia, Jakarta.

Acta Paediatrica Japonica : Overseas Edition
|June 1, 1992
PubMed
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Dengue encephalopathy, a complication of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), is increasingly reported. This study found a 6.2% incidence in DHF patients, with neurological abnormalities in 6.5%.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Dengue encephalopathy (DE) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) with central nervous system (CNS) involvement were once rare but are now increasingly reported.
  • Diagnosis of DE involves clinically diagnosed DHF with CNS manifestations like hyperpyrexia, altered consciousness, headache, vomiting, seizures, and normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
  • Pathological mechanisms include plasma leakage, hemostasis abnormalities, hypovolemic shock, hemorrhage, and acute liver failure contributing to brain pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively analyze the incidence and clinical characteristics of dengue encephalopathy in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever.
  • To identify the prevalence of neurological abnormalities associated with DE.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Retrospective study of 152 cases of dengue encephalopathy admitted to Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, over three periods.
  • Analysis of patient data including clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, and neurological examinations.

    • Main Results:

    • The overall incidence of dengue encephalopathy was 6.2% (152 out of 2,441 DHF cases).
    • Predominant symptoms included hyperpyrexia, altered consciousness, and convulsions.
    • Laboratory findings revealed elevated serum transaminases, hyponatremia, and hypoxia.
    • Neurological abnormalities such as hemiparesis, tetraparesis, and optic nerve atrophy were observed in 6.5% of cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Dengue encephalopathy is a significant complication of DHF with a notable incidence.
    • Clinical and laboratory findings, including neurological deficits, are crucial for diagnosis and management.
    • Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and improve patient outcomes.