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Related Experiment Videos

Certification of polio eradication: process and lessons learned.

Joseph Smith1, Rose Leke, Anthony Adams

  • 1Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|April 27, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Global polio eradication efforts have made significant progress since 1988. Certification requires three years of zero wild poliovirus cases and contained lab stocks, with ongoing challenges in coordination and verification.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Control
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate poliomyelitis in 1988.
  • Progress towards interrupting wild poliovirus transmission has been substantial globally.
  • A formal certification process for polio eradication was developed, drawing from smallpox eradication experiences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the requirements and progress for global wild poliovirus eradication certification.
  • To highlight achievements in polio-free regions and ongoing efforts in endemic areas.
  • To identify remaining challenges for achieving and maintaining global polio eradication.

Main Methods:

  • Establishment of independent expert groups at global, regional, and country levels for certification.

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  • Implementation of certification-standard surveillance to detect wild poliovirus.
  • Verification of containment of wild poliovirus stocks in laboratories.

    • Main Results:

    • Three World Health Organization (WHO) regions (Americas, Western Pacific, European) have been certified wild poliovirus-free.
    • Eradication and certification activities are advancing in the African, Eastern Mediterranean, and South-East Asia regions.
    • The core requirements for global certification include a sustained absence of wild poliovirus and secure laboratory containment.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant strides have been made towards global polio eradication, with several regions already certified.
    • Remaining challenges include enhanced inter-regional coordination, laboratory containment verification, and future surveillance of vaccine-derived polioviruses.
    • Sustained efforts are crucial to maintain polio-free status until global certification is achieved.