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Updated: Aug 24, 2026

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
Published on: November 4, 2025
Occipital projections in the skeletal dysplasias
Yuji Takamine1, Ralph S Lachman, Fiona M Field
1International Skeletal Dysplasia Registry, Department of Pediatrics and the Medical Genetics-Birth Defects Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Abstract:
Occipital projections of the cranium have been reported in a number of skeletal dysplasias and syndromes. We observed two cases of atelosteogenesis type I with a bony occipital projection. This finding has neither been noted nor reported in any form of atelosteogenesis. This led us to search the International Skeletal Dysplasia Registry for occipital projections, and we found them in four other syndromes in which they had not been reported. Thus occipital spurs are a non-diagnostic feature that can be found in at least ten distinct disorders as well as a normal variant.
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