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Related Experiment Videos

CD81 is an entry coreceptor for hepatitis C virus.

Emmanuel G Cormier1, Fay Tsamis, Francis Kajumo

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 5, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) uses its envelope glycoproteins to infect liver cells. The CD81 protein acts as a crucial co-receptor, facilitating viral entry after initial attachment.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Hepatology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope glycoproteins E1/E2 mediate viral entry into host cells.
  • Understanding HCV tropism and entry mechanisms is crucial for developing antiviral strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the tropism of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) for various cell types using a pseudovirus system.
  • To investigate the role of CD81 as a potential receptor for HCV entry into hepatocytes.

Main Methods:

  • HCV pseudoviruses were generated using envelope glycoproteins E1/E2.
  • Infection assays were performed on different cell lines and primary hepatocytes.
  • The role of CD81 was assessed by its expression and blockade with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).

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Main Results:

  • HCV pseudovirus entry was restricted to primary hepatocytes and a specific hepatoma cell line.
  • Expression of CD81 on nonpermissive cells enabled HCV pseudovirus entry, indicating its necessity.
  • Anti-CD81 mAb inhibited viral entry post-attachment, identifying CD81 as a post-attachment co-receptor.

Conclusions:

  • CD81 is essential for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry into hepatocytes, acting as a post-attachment co-receptor.
  • HCV entry into hepatocytes requires CD81 in conjunction with other cellular factors for binding and fusion.