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Hippocampal function in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Lisa M Shin1, Patrick S Shin, Stephan Heckers

  • 1Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA 02155, USA. lisa.shin@tufts.edu

Hippocampus
|May 11, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Firefighters with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) show altered hippocampal blood flow during memory tasks. This suggests abnormal brain activity in the hippocampus, even for non-emotional memories, in individuals with PTSD.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is linked to memory impairments and reduced hippocampal volume.
  • Understanding hippocampal function is crucial for PTSD research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate hippocampal function in firefighters with PTSD using functional neuroimaging.
  • To examine regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during an explicit memory task.

Main Methods:

  • Positron emission tomography (PET) scans were used on 16 firefighters (8 with PTSD, 8 controls).
  • Participants completed a word-stem task assessing deep vs. shallow memory encoding.
  • Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the hippocampus was measured.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • The PTSD group showed smaller rCBF increases in the left hippocampus during high recall, driven by elevated rCBF in the low recall condition.
  • PTSD group had higher bilateral hippocampal and left amygdala rCBF overall.
  • PTSD symptom severity correlated positively with hippocampal and parahippocampal rCBF.
  • Reduced right hippocampal volume was observed in the PTSD group.

Conclusions:

  • Firefighters with PTSD exhibit an abnormal hippocampal rCBF response during explicit memory tasks involving non-emotional material.
  • Elevated hippocampal rCBF during a lower-demand memory condition may characterize PTSD.
  • Findings highlight the role of hippocampal dysfunction in PTSD pathophysiology.