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Coffee consumption and bladder cancer risk.

B D'Avanzo1, C La Vecchia, S Franceschi

  • 1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche, Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.

European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Coffee consumption may be linked to an increased risk of bladder cancer, particularly for decaffeinated coffee drinkers. Further research is needed to clarify the dose-risk relationship for coffee and bladder cancer.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Oncology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Bladder cancer is a significant public health concern.
  • The role of dietary factors, including beverages, in bladder cancer etiology requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the consumption of coffee (regular and decaffeinated) and other methylxanthine-containing beverages and the risk of bladder cancer.
  • To explore potential dose-response relationships and effect modification by smoking status and age.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study was conducted in two regions of northern Italy.
  • Data were collected from 555 bladder cancer cases and 855 controls.
  • Multivariate logistic regression models were used to adjust for smoking, occupation, and sociodemographic variables.

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Main Results:

  • Coffee drinkers had a multivariate relative risk (RR) of 1.3 (95% CI 1.0-1.8) for bladder cancer compared to non-drinkers.
  • The RR increased with the number of cups consumed daily, reaching 1.5 for three cups (P=0.05).
  • Higher RRs were observed for decaffeinated coffee (1.5) and in older age groups and ex-smokers. No clear dose-risk relation was found.

Conclusions:

  • A higher prevalence of coffee drinking was observed among bladder cancer cases than controls.
  • While an association exists, a clear dose-risk relationship for coffee consumption and bladder cancer was not definitively established.
  • Further studies are warranted to elucidate the complex relationship between beverage consumption and bladder cancer risk.