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HIV-associated pericardial effusions.

M J Eisenberg1, A S Gordon, N B Schiller

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.

Chest
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Pericardial effusions are common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, presenting a broad clinical spectrum. This study found 7% of hospitalized pericardial effusions were in HIV-positive individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Pericardial effusions are a known complication in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
  • Understanding the frequency and clinical presentation of these effusions is crucial for patient management.

Observation:

  • A retrospective review identified 14 (7%) HIV-positive patients among 187 hospitalized with pericardial effusions over one year.
  • Effusion sizes varied, with one case of cardiac tamponade, three moderate, and ten small effusions.
  • Identified causes included endocarditis, lymphoma, and myocardial infarction.

Findings:

  • HIV-associated pericardial effusions are frequently observed in hospitalized patients.
  • The clinical spectrum ranges from small effusions to life-threatening cardiac tamponade.
  • In-hospital mortality was 29% among the studied HIV-positive patients.

Implications:

  • These findings highlight the significant prevalence of pericardial effusions in HIV infection.
  • Early recognition and diagnosis of HIV-associated pericardial effusions are essential.
  • Further research into the specific mechanisms and optimal management strategies is warranted.

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