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New trends in specific immunoadsorption.

Heidrun Ullrich1, Peter Kuehnl

  • 1Department of Clinical Theoretical Medicine, Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf, 52 Martinistr, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany. hullrich@uke.uni-hamburg.de

Transfusion and Apheresis Science : Official Journal of the World Apheresis Association : Official Journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis
|June 3, 2004
PubMed
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Immunoadsorption offers a targeted approach to remove harmful substances from blood, overcoming limitations of plasma exchange. This method is effective for conditions like severe hypercholesterolaemia and autoimmune disorders when other treatments fail.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Plasma exchange removes pathogenic blood components but has limitations.
  • Limitations include protein dilution, side effects, and costs of substitution fluids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare immunoadsorption with plasma exchange for removing pathogenic substances.
  • To highlight the advantages of immunoadsorption in specific medical conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Immunoadsorption utilizes specific binding to remove target molecules from plasma.
  • Plasma can be repeatedly processed through immunoadsorption columns for desired reduction levels.

Main Results:

  • Immunoadsorption avoids the need for substitution fluids, unlike plasma exchange.

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  • It allows for precise reduction of substances, potentially below detection limits (e.g., HLA-antibodies).
  • Treatment frequency is guided by patient improvement and substance rebound, manageable with immunosuppression.

    • Conclusions:

    • Immunoadsorption is a valuable alternative to plasma exchange, especially for severe hypercholesterolaemia, autoimmune disorders, and hyperviscosity syndromes.
    • It is generally reserved for cases where less invasive treatments have been unsuccessful.