Preparing nurses for the 21st century: reenvisioning nursing education and practice

Significant advances in biomedical science and in the complexity of health care, coupled with a worsening nursing shortage and numerous reports of unsafe and inadequate patient care, have prompted concerns about both nursing education and nursing practice. Beginning in 2000, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) made a thorough study of nursing education, regulation, and practice issues. Input and consultation were sought from AACN members, nursing practice leaders, regulators, and other health professionals. Results of this work indicated the need for a new nursing professional, the clinical nurse leader, who could effectively coordinate, manage and evaluate care for groups of patients in complex health systems. Master's-degree education is proposed for piloting the preparation of clinical nurse leaders. Close coordination with nurse executives and administrators to develop the new education program and new models for care delivery is planned. Critical components of the pilot testing will be evaluation of the patient and nurse outcomes associated with the use of clinical nurse leaders and focused work to develop a new legal scope and credentials for them.