[Children immunization in France: an update]
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Updated: Aug 24, 2026

Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections
Published on: August 30, 2014
Jean-Marc Garnier1, Karine Retornaz, Guilhem Noël
1Service de pédiatrie, CHU, Hôpital Nord, 13915 Marseille 15. jean-marc.garnier@mail.ap-hm.fr
Abstract:
Vaccines are essential to prevent, control (as for poliomyelitis) or eradicate (as for smallpox) infectious diseases. In some cases, when a curative treatment is not available or efficient, they are the only way to fight the spread of the disease, by prevention. The national recommended childhood immunization schedule may vary each year and in each country (changes in infections characters, outbreaks, new vaccines availability...). In this review, new patterns in childhood vaccination in France are discussed.
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Development of Immunocompetence
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...

