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Platelet function in term and preterm neonates.

Matthew A Saxonhouse1, Martha C Sola

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, College of Medicine, P.O. Box 100296, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. saxonma@peds.ufl.edu

Clinics in Perinatology
|June 9, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Platelet dysfunction is implicated in bleeding in preterm infants. New agents may improve platelet function in neonates, offering potential therapeutic strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal physiology
  • Hematology
  • Pediatric critical care

Background:

  • Platelet dysfunction is a suspected factor in severe hemorrhages among preterm neonates.
  • In vitro studies indicate neonatal platelets (both term and preterm) show reduced responsiveness to agonists.
  • Primary hemostasis in premature and critically ill neonates within the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on platelet function in preterm and term neonates.
  • To explore potential therapeutic agents that may enhance neonatal platelet function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on neonatal platelet function.
  • Analysis of in vitro findings regarding platelet responsiveness.

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  • Examination of clinical data on primary hemostasis in neonates.

    • Main Results:

    • Neonatal platelets exhibit hyporesponsiveness to various agonists in vitro.
    • Term neonates demonstrate shorter template bleeding times compared to adults.
    • Limited data exists on primary hemostasis tests in sick and premature neonates.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding neonatal platelet function is crucial for managing hemorrhagic complications.
    • Emerging agents like recombinant thrombopoietin and recombinant factor VIIa show promise in enhancing neonatal platelet activity.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate primary hemostasis in vulnerable neonatal populations.