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Cardiac manifestations in HIV-infected Thai children

Yupada Pongprot1, Rekwan Sittiwangkul, Suchaya Silvilairat

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. ypongpro@mail.med.cmu.ac.th

Annals of Tropical Paediatrics
|June 10, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac complications are common in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study found frequent echocardiographic abnormalities, including pericardial effusion and pulmonary hypertension, in Thai children with HIV.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Cardiac complications significantly impact morbidity and mortality in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
  • Limited data exists on cardiac manifestations in HIV-infected children from developing nations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess clinical and echocardiographic findings in Thai children with HIV.
  • To identify clinical predictors of left ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for 27 perinatally HIV-infected infants with cardiovascular issues.
  • Data collected between 1995 and 2000 at a tertiary care hospital.
  • Analysis included clinical signs, symptoms, and echocardiographic results.

Main Results:

  • All patients presented with dyspnea; common symptoms included edema (44%) and finger clubbing (41%).
  • Echocardiographic findings revealed high rates of pericardial effusion (44%), right ventricular dilatation (44%), and pulmonary hypertension (41%).
  • Left ventricular dysfunction (37%) and dilatation (33%) were also observed. No correlation found between left ventricular dysfunction and HIV classification, age, nutrition, or symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-infected children in Thailand exhibit significant cardiac abnormalities, including pulmonary hypertension and pericardial effusion.
  • Left ventricular dysfunction in these children is not predicted by clinical factors or HIV disease stage.

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