Evaluation of proximal tooth contact tightness at rest and during clenching

The aims of this study were to develop a device for measuring the tightness of proximal tooth contact and to evaluate the proximal contact tightness using this device at rest and during clenching. Twenty young adult volunteers with healthy dentition participated in this experiment. The tightness of proximal tooth contact between the second premolar and the first molar of both the maxilla and the mandible was measured by pulling a stainless steel strip between them at rest, and at 20 and 50% clenching levels of maximum voluntary contraction of masseter muscles at intercuspal position. Proximal contact tightness increased as the clenching levels of both the maxilla and the mandible increased. At rest, proximal contact tightness was less in the maxilla than in the mandible, whereas during clenching it was less in the mandible. These results indicate that during clenching, the teeth are displaced and they contact appropriately with adjacent teeth, making it possible to exert sufficient occlusal force while maintaining the integrity of dental arches.