Determination of the mycotoxin fumonisin B1 in maize by reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography: a collaborative...

A simple and cost-effective method using thin-layer chromatography for the determination of the mycotoxin fumonisin B1 in maize is described. The analytical method consisted of the extraction of ground maize by shaking with methanol/water (75:25) for 60 min and clean-up of the resultant extract by means of strong anion exchange solid-phase extraction. The purified residue, formed by evaporation of the elution solvent, was reacted with fluorescamine and the fumonisin B1-derivative was separated by reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography using a developing solution of methanol/aqueous 4% potassium chloride (70:30). The derivatized FB1 was readily visualized as a greenish-yellow spot under long wavelength ultraviolet light and quantified by visual comparison with a set of similarly derivatized standards in the range 20-300 ng FB1 spotted on plate. Based on visual comparison, levels down to 0.5 mg kg(-1) were successfully estimated. The method was collaboratively studied in 14 laboratories using four duplicate maize meal samples (including a blank) and a spiked sample for determination of recovery. No significant difference was observed between mean FB1 levels by high-performance liquid chromatography or thin-layer chromatography. Based on within-laboratory relative standard deviations of 27.1-41.7% and between-laboratory relative standard deviations of 35.0-63.3%, the method can be considered semiquantitative. The mean recovery achieved by participants at a spiking level of 2.00 mg kg(-1) was 74.5%.