[Castleman's disease: a case report].

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology.
• Suspected factors include interleukin-6 (IL-6) dysregulation and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in immunocompromised individuals.
• CD presents in localized or multicentric forms, with hyaline-vascular and plasma cell subtypes.

Observation:

• A 21-year-old female presented with pelvic pain and amenorrhea.
• Imaging revealed a 4.5 cm retroperitoneal mass adjacent to the uterus and iliac vessels.
• Previous laparoscopy diagnosed an endometrial cyst; a subsequent laparoscopy partially excised the mass.

Findings:

• Histological examination confirmed the hyaline-vascular type of Castleman disease.
• The patient underwent successful surgical laparotomy for complete mass excision.
• Post-surgery, the patient remained asymptomatic for three years.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering Castleman disease in the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal masses.
• Surgical excision offers a potentially curative option for localized hyaline-vascular CD.
• Further research is needed to elucidate the etiology and optimize treatment strategies for CD.