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Trace elements and cognitive impairment: an elderly cohort study.

C Smorgon1, E Mari, A R Atti

  • 1Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola, 9 - 44100 Ferrara, Italy.

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. Supplement
|June 23, 2004
PubMed
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Serum trace elements like selenium, chromium, and cobalt show a positive correlation with cognitive function. Conversely, copper and aluminum levels correlate negatively with cognitive health in individuals with cognitive impairment and dementia.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Dementia poses significant public health challenges.
  • Cognitive impairment non-dementia (CIND) is a preclinical stage of dementia.
  • Trace elements play crucial roles in central nervous system metabolism and redox reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between serum trace element concentrations and cognitive function.
  • To compare trace element levels in individuals with CIND, Alzheimer dementia (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and controls.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 35 patients across four groups: Controls, CIND, AD, and VaD.
  • Conducted clinical, biochemical, and neuropsychological assessments (MODA, ADL, IADL).
  • Measured serum concentrations of iron, zinc, manganese, selenium, cobalt, chromium, copper, molybdenum, and aluminum using chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods.

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Main Results:

  • Positive correlation found between cognitive function (MODA score) and serum levels of selenium (Se), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), and iron (Fe).
  • Negative correlation observed between MODA score and serum levels of copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al).
  • Statistically significant differences in Se, Cr, Co, Cu, and Al concentrations were identified among the study groups.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium, chromium, and cobalt may protect cognitive function.
  • Copper appears to influence the progression of cognitive impairment.
  • Aluminum may contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer dementia.