[Lactation mastitis: problems and perspectives]

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Infectious Diseases
• Surgical Oncology

Context:

• Lactation mastitis affects numerous breastfeeding individuals.
• Staphylococcus aureus is identified as the predominant causative pathogen.
• Effective management requires timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose:

• To analyze treatment outcomes for 664 patients diagnosed with lactation mastitis.
• To identify the primary infectious agent responsible for the condition.
• To recommend optimal therapeutic strategies based on clinical presentation and causative agents.

Summary:

• Staphylococcus aureus was confirmed as the main infectious agent in lactation mastitis.
• Initial antibacterial therapy should involve cephalosporins and aminoglycosides, with adjustments based on antibiotic sensitivity testing.
• Surgical interventions, including Rovinsky's semi-oval incision or resection with delayed suturing, are recommended for severe or infiltrative-purulent mastitis.
• Breastfeeding cessation and lactation suppression are advised for purulent mastitis cases.

Impact:

• Provides evidence-based guidelines for the management of lactation mastitis.
• Highlights the importance of targeted antibiotic therapy and surgical interventions.
• Aims to improve patient outcomes and reduce complications associated with mastitis.