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The permeability and cytotoxicity of insulin-mimetic vanadium compounds

Xiao-Gai Yang1, Xiao-Da Yang, Lan Yuan

  • 1Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China. xyang@bjmu.edu.cn

Pharmaceutical Research
|June 24, 2004
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Vanadium compounds permeate Caco-2 cells via passive diffusion, with varying cell accumulation and toxicity. Their effects involve reactive oxygen species, tight junction changes, and microvilli impairment.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Vanadium compounds are increasingly studied for their biological effects.
  • Understanding their transport and toxicity is crucial for risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the permeation mechanisms of vanadium compounds ([VO(acac)2], [VO(ma)2], vanadate) in Caco-2 cells.
  • To evaluate the cytotoxicity of these vanadium compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Caco-2 cell monolayers were used to study absorptive transport.
  • Vanadium levels were quantified using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).
  • Cellular morphology and F-actin structure were examined using electron and confocal microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Vanadium compounds were absorbed via passive diffusion.
  • [VO(acac)2] showed the highest permeability and cell accumulation.
  • Vanadium exposure induced reactive oxygen species, reduced electrical resistance, and altered cell structure.

Conclusions:

  • Permeability and uptake varied among vanadium compounds due to diffusion and cellular processes.
  • Vanadium toxicity involved F-actin disruption, tight junction changes, microvilli impairment, and elevated ROS.
  • Cellular accumulation of vanadium correlated with observed toxicity.

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