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[Dysentery in Poland in 2002].

Hanna Stypułkowska-Misiurewicz1, Ewa Gonera

  • 1Krajowy Ośrodek Shigella, Państwowy Zakład Higieny ul. Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warszawa.

Przeglad Epidemiologiczny
|June 29, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Dysentery cases remained low in 2002, with Shigella sonnei as the primary cause. Laboratory diagnostic quality control is crucial for accurate Shigella detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • The incidence of dysentery in Poland remained low in 2002, with 220 notified cases (0.58/100,000 population), a slight increase from 2001.
  • No deaths from dysentery were reported, but four outbreaks occurred, including a foodborne outbreak of Shigella sonnei and a Shigella flexneri 2a outbreak in a psychiatric hospital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the epidemiological data of dysentery cases in Poland for 2002.
  • To assess the etiological agents responsible for dysentery.
  • To evaluate the quality of laboratory diagnostics for intestinal infections, particularly Shigella species.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of notified dysentery cases and outbreak investigations.
  • Bacteriological examination of clinical samples to identify Shigella species.
  • External quality control testing of selective media and laboratory procedures used by Sanitary-Epidemiological Stations (SSE).

Main Results:

  • Shigella sonnei was the predominant pathogen, isolated in 92% of cases, while Shigella flexneri accounted for 8%.
  • External quality control revealed deficiencies in laboratory diagnostic media and procedures, with some laboratories inefficiently diagnosing S. flexneri, S. typhi, and S. sonnei.
  • A control strain of S. boydii was correctly identified by most laboratories, but it failed to grow on routine selective media, indicating a need for procedural changes.

Conclusions:

  • Despite low overall incidence, dysentery outbreaks highlight the continued circulation of Shigella species.
  • Significant issues with the quality of bacteriological media and laboratory procedures necessitate urgent improvements for accurate diagnosis of intestinal infections.
  • Regular external quality control is essential, especially during periods of low infection frequency, to maintain laboratory diagnostic standards for Shigella.

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