[Tissue reaction after implantation of ceramic biomaterials with introduced electrokinetic zeta potential on surface]

Studies over implants showed, that not only the kind of structure of material, but also the character of surface influences the local reaction. Endeavour to obtain the best possible biological properties of implants, intended to supplementing of osseous decreases, contributed to carrying out investigations over implants about active surface. Electrochemical reactions, occurring on implants surface, lead to beginning of electric occurrences on implant/tissue interface and beginning of so-called potential zeta. Utilization of these properties in implantology, induced us to carry out experimental studies with use of biomaterials with modified surface and of influence of potential zeta on biocompatibility. The carried out studies referred: to comparative investigations of tissue reaction of implants ceramic with of solid and porous surface, and to influence of electric load zeta on tissue reaction. For the studies were used 3 kinds of ceramics: porous, solid and solid ceramics with potential zeta (silanovated). The studies were carried out on 50 rats, to which studied ceramics was implanted into back muscles. Pathomorphological assessments were carried out 1, 4, 12, 26 and 32 weeks after implantation. The results of pathomorphological studies after implantation of ceramics solid and solid silanovated showed, that already after 1 week was formed thin membrane with visible, small blood-vessels. After 32 weeks it was significantly thicker. The produced capsule was strongly connected with surrounding muscles, and from side the implant adhered to it's surface. In case of implants of porous ceramics, already after 1 week the produced capsule of connective tissue was clearly thicker, and after 32 weeks it was, whitish, opaque, strongly connected to surrounding muscles. From side implant it became rooted in pores of ceramics. In microscopic studies it was shown, that both in early and distant period, the character and size of tissue reaction was dependent on structures of implant surface. Porous ceramics implanted in soft tissues, produced stronger inflammatory reaction being characterized with long lasting phase infiltration, which drove to producing thick connective tissue capsule. 32 weeks after implantation in the produced capsule these were visible former focuses of chondroid tissue. Reaction tissue occurring round solid ceramics, was characterized with shorter and less intensive proliferation phase. After 32 weeks visible former thin connective tissue capsule was visible. Ceramics with potential zeta (silanovated) generated minimum-tissue reaction, without visible proliferation phase. Studies in light and scanning microscopes, executed 32 weeks after implantation showed, that in produced thin layer of connective tissue were visible with adamantinating and calcifications focuses, and on the surface of ceramics were formed osseous tin plates.