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Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection in children with tuberculosis

T Shahab1, M S Zoha, M Ashraf Malik

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, AMU, Aligarh, UP 202 002, India.

Indian Pediatrics
|July 6, 2004
PubMed

Insights

This study found a 2% prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity in children with tuberculosis. Regular HIV screening is suggested for children with disseminated tuberculosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health issue, particularly in children.
  • Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can complicate TB diagnosis and management.
  • Estimating the prevalence of HIV in pediatric TB cases is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of HIV seropositivity among children diagnosed with tuberculosis.
  • To investigate the characteristics of HIV-positive children with TB.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study screened 250 children under 12 years with diagnosed TB for HIV infection.
  • HIV diagnosis was confirmed using two consecutive positive ELISA tests and a supplemental western blot.
  • Parents of HIV-positive children were also screened for HIV and TB.

Main Results:

  • Five cases (2%) of HIV seropositivity were identified among the 250 children with TB.
  • All five HIV-positive children had disseminated tuberculosis.
  • Parental screening data was also collected.

Conclusions:

  • A 2% prevalence of HIV co-infection was found in children with tuberculosis.
  • Disseminated tuberculosis in children warrants regular screening for HIV.
  • Early detection of HIV in pediatric TB cases can improve outcomes.

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