Histamine: its novel role as an endogenous regulator of Con A-dependent T cell proliferation

The roles of histamine formed by the macrophage - T lymphocyte system were evaluated in the regulation of lymphocyte proliferation using mice lacking histamine receptors.

Mice deficient in histamine type 1 (H1R), type 2 (H2R) or both receptors were employed to estimate possible intervention of the receptors in the histamine-dependent lymphocyte proliferation.

Histamine was produced de novo by spleen cells. Con A-dependent T cell proliferation decreased when histamine produced in the culture was degraded by the addition of histaminase. The H2R-deficient mice also showed a significant decrease in the Con A-dependent T cell proliferation, whereas it was not modulated in the H1R-deleted mice. Consistent with the reduction in T cell proliferation, there was a significant down-regulation of the production of IL-2, a T cell growth factor, in the H2R-deficient mice. Con A-dependent IL-2 synthesis was abrogated by the addition of histaminase.

Con A-dependent T cell proliferation is (up)regulated by histamine produced de novo through the H2R, suggesting that histamine is a newly found regulator of T cell proliferation.