Fluid and electrolyte disorders caused by diuretic therapy

A wide spectrum and class of diuretics have been used to treat an assortment of cardiovascular disorders and various hypertensive states. Fluid and electrolyte imbalances are a major side effect of diuretic use. They predispose the patient to potential fluid disequilibrium and problems associated with electrolyte regulation. Such problems can prove to be lethal if not corrected. Very often, the ability to tolerate diuretic therapy is influenced by adequate renal function and hydration status of the patient. It becomes an important nursing responsibility to detect the development of dysfunction as a result of diuretic use or misuse. The responsive nurse, through meticulous assessment, can detect problems related to fluid and electrolyte disorder that can threaten patient well-being.