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Related Experiment Videos

Mediastinal parathyroid carcinoma.

S E Delaney1, R A Wermers, G B Thompson

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
|July 15, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Parathyroid carcinoma, a rare cause of severe hypercalcemia, should be considered in primary hyperparathyroidism evaluations. Complete surgical resection is the primary treatment for this mediastinal tumor.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Primary hyperparathyroidism is commonly caused by adenomas or hyperplasia.
  • Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare malignancy presenting with hypercalcemia.
  • Mediastinal parathyroid tumors are infrequent and challenging to diagnose.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of mediastinal parathyroid carcinoma.
  • To compare parathyroid carcinoma features with other causes of primary hyperparathyroidism.
  • To discuss the diagnosis and management of parathyroid carcinoma.

Main Methods:

  • Case report presentation.
  • Review of diagnostic modalities for parathyroid tumors.
  • Discussion of surgical management strategies.

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Main Results:

  • A 44-year-old male presented with severe hypercalcemia and a normal neck exploration.
  • An anterior mediastinal mass was identified and pathologically confirmed as cystic parathyroid carcinoma.
  • Surgical resection led to normalization of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels.

Conclusions:

  • Parathyroid carcinoma should be considered in patients with markedly elevated serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels.
  • Complete surgical resection is the definitive treatment for parathyroid carcinoma.
  • Preoperative localization aids in surgical planning, particularly for reoperations or hypercalcemic crises.