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Related Experiment Videos

Herbicide runoff along highways. 2. Sorption control.

Xinjiang Huang1, Theresa Pedersen, Michael Fischer

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.

Environmental Science & Technology
|July 21, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Nonideal sorption processes do not significantly impact herbicide runoff from highway soils. Linear equilibrium models adequately predict herbicide concentrations in runoff, simplifying environmental fate assessments.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Soil Science
  • Contaminant Transport

Background:

  • Nonideal sorption processes (nonlinear isotherms, desorption limitations, aging) are debated for controlling organic contaminant fate.
  • Herbicide runoff from highway soils offers a unique test case due to high flow rates, short contact times, and aging potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the significance of nonideal sorption processes in herbicide runoff from highway soils.
  • To evaluate the adequacy of linear equilibrium models versus complex nonideal models for predicting herbicide transport.

Main Methods:

  • Examined sorption and desorption of five herbicides (isoxaben, oryzalin, diuron, clopyralid, glyphosate) on California roadside soils.
  • Analyzed field runoff data from multiple rainy seasons.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared laboratory adsorption experiments with field observations.

    • Main Results:

    • Sorption isotherms were linear or slightly nonlinear for most herbicides, except glyphosate.
    • Field runoff concentrations aligned with linear partitioning predictions.
    • Runoff appeared to be in equilibrium with soil concentrations.
    • Desorption coefficients for aged herbicides showed minimal difference from short-term experiments.

    Conclusions:

    • Nonideal sorption processes are not significant drivers of herbicide runoff in these field settings.
    • Linear equilibrium models are sufficient for predicting herbicide runoff concentrations.
    • Vegetated slopes demonstrated substantial herbicide load reduction (35-80%).