Nitric oxide and cerebral ischemic preconditioning
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Updated: Aug 23, 2026

Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion as an Adequate Preconditioning Stimulus to Induce Early Ischemic Tolerance to Focal Cerebral Ischemia
Published on: May 9, 2013
1Harvard Medical School, Cardiology Division and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 Thirteenth Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. phuang1@partners.org
Abstract:
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important mediator of cerebral blood flow and metabolism. As a vasodilator, NO regulates cerebral blood flow, and couples regional brain perfusion with metabolic activity. Following cerebral ischemia, NO levels rise significantly due to activation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by NMDA receptor mediated calcium entry. Depending on its tissue and enzymatic source, NO may be protective or toxic. This article reviews the effects of NO following cerebral ischemia, the signaling pathways through which NO acts, and its potential roles in cerebral ischemic preconditioning.
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