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Platelet abnormalities in diabetes mellitus.

P D Winocour1

  • 1Department of Pathology, McMaster Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Diabetes
|October 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Platelets may play a role in diabetic vascular disease. Research is exploring whether enhanced platelet activity in diabetes contributes to or results from vascular complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Platelets contribute to atherosclerosis and thromboembolic events in non-diabetics.
  • The specific role of platelets in diabetic vascular disease is not fully understood.
  • In vitro studies suggest enhanced platelet function in diabetes, but in vivo relevance is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the role of platelets in enhanced vascular disease in diabetic populations.
  • To investigate the mechanisms behind altered platelet function in diabetes.
  • To determine if platelet changes precede or are secondary to vascular complications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro studies on platelet function in diabetic humans and animals.
  • Analysis of existing literature on platelet activation pathways.
  • Discussion of the need for in vivo studies and intervention trials.

Main Results:

  • In vitro studies consistently show enhanced platelet function in diabetes.
  • Mechanisms beyond the arachidonate pathway are involved in diabetic platelet hypersensitivity.
  • Controversy exists regarding whether platelet changes are a cause or consequence of vascular disease.

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced platelet activity in diabetes is likely multifactorial, involving non-arachidonate pathways.
  • Further in vivo research in animal models is crucial to understand platelet-vessel wall interactions.
  • Intervention trials inhibiting platelet function may be necessary to definitively establish causality.

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